|
|
|
|
|
|
Integrating Gender in Medical Education
|
|
|
|
|
Globally, 8.4 million people are estimated to develop tuberculosis (TB) each year,
and nearly 2 million deaths result from the disease. Overall, one-third of the world’s
population is currently infected with the tuberculosis bacillus, over 90 per cent
of them in developing countries.One notable aspect of TB prevalence worldwide is
its general propensity for disproportionate occurrence in men. In most countries,
tuberculosis (TB) notification is twice as high in men as in women. TB is nevertheless
a leading infectious cause of death among women. Annually, about 700 000 women die
of TB, and over three million contract the disease. This disease affects women mainly
in their reproductively active years.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sexual Inequality in Tuberculosis
In most countries, tuberculosis (TB) notification is twice as high in men as in
women. Although there is clear evidence that socioeconomic and cultural factors
leading to barriers in accessing health care may cause undernotification in women,
particularly in developing countries, biological mechanisms may actually account
for a significant part of this difference between male and female susceptibility
to TB. The role of biological gender has been determined in a number of infectious
and noninfectious diseases.
Find out more →
The Role of Sex Differences in the Prevalence and Transmission of Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology is characterized by significant differences in prevalence
between men and women worldwide, with cases among men exceeding those found in women
by a ratio of 2:1 in some regions. In this paper, we review the literature concerning
differences in TB prevalence by sex, as well as arguments that have been offered
to explain these differences. It concludes that, while underreporting and latent
variables undoubtedly bias the observed differences in prevalence between males
and females to some degree
Find out more →
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tuberculosis and Pregnancy
|
|
|
|
Tuberculosis Care for Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review
Tuberculosis (TB) during pregnancy may lead to severe consequences affecting both
mother and child. Prenatal care could be a very good opportunity for TB care, especially
for women who have limited access to health services. The aim of this review was
to gather and evaluate studies on TB care for pregnant women. Thirty five studies
were selected for review and their data showed that diagnosis was often delayed
because TB symptoms during pregnancy were not typical.
Find out more →
Tuberculosis in Pregnancy: A Review
Tuberculosis (TB) was declared a public health emergency by WHO in 2005. The disease
is a significant contributor to maternal mortality and is among the three leading
causes of death among women aged 15–45 years in high burden areas. The exact incidence
of tuberculosis in pregnancy, though not readily available, is expected to be as
high as in the general population. Diagnosis of tuberculosis in pregnancy may be
challenging, as the symptoms may initially be ascribed to the pregnancy, and the
normal weight gain in pregnancy
Find out more →
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
in Male Patients
|
|
|
|
Male Gender is Independently Associated with Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Little is known about the association between gender and risk of TB infection. It
sought to assess the impact of gender on TB prevalence among people with presumptive
tuberculosis at a regional referral hospital in a high TB and HIV prevalence setting.
The authors analyzed data from two diagnostic TB studies conducted in rural, southwestern
Uganda. People with presumptive tuberculosis were evaluated by chest X-ray, fluorescence
microscopy, TB culture, and HIV testing.
Find out more →
Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Patient Gender: An Analysis and Its Implications
in Tuberculosis Control
To analyze the profile of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with respect to gender
and its implications in tuberculosis control. Setting: DOTS center at a tertiary,
teaching hospital in South India. A retrospective study was undertaken by screening
medical records of 446 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Data studied included
age, gender, and sputum smear status.
Find out more →
|
|
|
|
|
Tackling TB and HIV in Women: An Urgent Agenda
The interlinked tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics
are taking a dramatic toll on women’s lives, notably in countries with high HIV
prevalence. While TB is now the third leading cause of death among women aged 15-44,
killing some 700,000 women every year and causing illness in millions more, it is
particularly lethal for women living with HIV. Yet the burden of the dual TB/HIV
epidemic on women, and the gender-related barriers to detection and treatment,
Find out more →
Managing Drug Interactions in the Treatment of HIV-Related Tuberculosis
Worldwide, tuberculosis is the most common serious opportunistic infection among
people with HIV infection. The World Health Organization estimates that of the 8.7
million individuals who developed incident tuberculosis in 2011, 1.1 million, or
13%, were co-infected with HIV. Further, of those who suffer tuberculosis-related
mortality, 31% are HIV-infected. Despite the complexities of simultaneously treating
two infections requiring multidrug therapy, antiretroviral therapy is life-saving
among patients with tuberculosis and advanced HIV disease.
Find out more →
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tuberculosis and Depression
|
|
|
|
Tuberculosis (TB) and depression
Data on depression among TB patients are scarce. Aim of study was to determine frequency
and forms of depression among TB patients and optimization of its management. Research
was conducted at NCTL among 180 patients of 18-60 age (after written consent).I
group -130 patients with resistant TB, where stress factor was newly determined
presence of MDRTB: II group -50 patients “new cases”, where stress factor was newly
diagnosed TB. Depression screening was done by PHR-11 questionnaire, evaluation
of its stage and patient’s psycho-type was conducted by Beki 21 questionnaire test
and Lusher test.
Find out more →
Prevalence of Depression in Tuberculosis Patients: An Experience from A DOTS
Clinic
In India, Tuberculosis (TB) carries a social stigma even today. Long duration of
treatment and attached stigma predisposes a patient to many psychiatric illnesses.
To find out the prevalence of depression and factors associated with it in TB patients
currently on DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course). The cross-sectional
observational study was conducted in a DOTS clinic during Jan to Mar'2012. The sample
size was determined by assuming percentage of depression in tuberculosis patient
to be 48%
Find out more →
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Please add us GME-CEHAT.org and esocialsciences.org to your contacts to ensure the
newsletters land in your inbox.
|
|
|
T-131, Tower 1, 3rd Floor,
International Infotech Park,
Vashi, Navi Mumbai - 400 703, India.
Tel : +91 22 67231000 Fax : +91 22 27814434
|
|
|
|
|
